Glossary

Insurance claim glossary

Plain-English definitions for common claim words. Definitions are general; policy wording controls specific meaning.

Important: This page is general educational information. Policy wording, laws, claim handling rules, provider contracts, and timelines vary by insurer, product, and location. This site does not interpret your policy, review documents, represent you, or provide legal, medical, financial, or claim strategy advice.

ACV

Actual Cash Value; often replacement cost minus depreciation.

RCV

Replacement Cost Value; repair/replacement cost under policy terms, sometimes paid in stages.

Adjudication

Health claim review process that applies plan rules to submitted billing information.

Allowed amount

Amount a health plan uses for claim processing under plan/network rules.

Deductible

Amount assigned to the policyholder before or as part of payment.

Exclusion

Policy language that removes or limits coverage for a category.

First notice of loss

Initial claim report that opens the claim file.

Mitigation

Reasonable steps to prevent additional damage after a loss.

Proof of loss

Formal claim statement requested under some policies.

Subrogation

Recovery process where an insurer may seek repayment from another responsible party.

Supplement

Review of additional repair scope or cost after an initial estimate.

Total loss

When repair is impractical or uneconomical under policy/valuation rules.